Interobserver Agreement (IOA)
Interobserver Agreement (IOA) refers to the degree to which two or more independent observers report the same observed values after measuring the same events.
4 Benefits of IOA
Determine the competence of new observers (when IOA is low)
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Prompting
A stimulus prompt is a cue that makes the Sd for the target behavior more prominent. For example, in order to encourage someone to push a button, you could make it big and a bright color. Stimulus shaping is a changing of the physical dimensions…
Matching Law
According to matching law, organisms distribute their behavior between two or more concurrent schedules of reinforcement. That is, if a behavior is reinforced 60 percent of the time in one situation and 40 percent of the time in the other…
Alternating Treatment Design
Alternating treatment design has the following advantages:
Efficiently compares intervention effectiveness
It does not require withdraw
It can be used to assess generalization effects
It does not include a return to baseline
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Differential Reinforcement
Differential reinforcement in general is a scheduled procedure where the target behavior is being put on extinction by reinforcing something else than the original target behavior. It is not a punishment of the target procedure but does act…
Analysis of Data
Parametric analysis is used to evaluate a range of values for an intervention (independent variable). For example, if you were determining the range of values for "time out" that are most effective. You would conduct a parametric analysis…
3 Conditioned Motivating Operations – CMOs
What are conditioned motivating operations (CMOs)? First we need to discuss motivating operations (MOs). MOs or sometimes called establishing operation (EOs) refers to a state that changes the value of consequences and elevates their…
5 ABA Instructional / Educational Methodologies
Discrete Trial (DT)
Lovaas
1960
SD - Prompt Response - Sr+
Direct Instruction (DI)
Siegfried Engelmann
Choral Responses
Fast Paced
Highly reinforcing teaching technique
Small groups
Direct instruction is small group, face-to-face…
6 Attitudes of Science
Determinism: Is based on cause and effect relations and lawfulness. Everything can be determined.
Empiricism: Is based on facts, observation, and experimentation. An emperor obserserves from his throne.
Experimentation: Manipulation…
Enhancing Parent and Teacher Collaboration
As we start a new school year, building a positive relationship with your children’s teachers is an essential component for success. Research shows that when parents and teachers work together, students benefit greatly. Overall, students attend…