Interobserver Agreement (IOA)

Interobserver Agreement (IOA) refers to the degree to which two or more independent observers report the same observed values after measuring the same events. 4 Benefits of IOA Determine the competence of new observers (when IOA is low) …

Prompting

A stimulus prompt is a cue that makes the Sd for the target behavior more prominent.  For example, in order to encourage someone to push a button, you could make it big and a bright color.  Stimulus shaping is a changing of the physical dimensions…

Matching Law

According to matching law, organisms distribute their behavior between two or more concurrent schedules of reinforcement.  That is, if a behavior is reinforced 60 percent of the time in one situation and 40 percent of the time in the other…
alternating treatment design

Alternating Treatment Design

Alternating treatment design has the following advantages: Efficiently compares intervention effectiveness It does not require withdraw It can be used to assess generalization effects It does not include a return to baseline …

Differential Reinforcement

Differential reinforcement in general is a scheduled procedure where the target behavior is being put on extinction by reinforcing something else than the original target behavior.  It is not a punishment of the target procedure but does act…

Analysis of Data

Parametric analysis is used to evaluate a range of values for an intervention (independent variable).  For example, if you were determining the range of values for "time out" that are most effective.  You would conduct a parametric analysis…

3 Conditioned Motivating Operations – CMOs

What are conditioned motivating operations (CMOs)?  First we need to discuss motivating operations (MOs).  MOs  or sometimes called establishing operation (EOs) refers to a state that changes the value of consequences and elevates their…
Kids learning in a classroom

5 ABA Instructional / Educational Methodologies

Discrete Trial (DT) Lovaas 1960 SD - Prompt Response - Sr+ Direct Instruction (DI) Siegfried Engelmann Choral Responses Fast Paced Highly reinforcing teaching technique Small groups Direct instruction is small group, face-to-face…
ABA is a science

6 Attitudes of Science

Determinism: Is based on cause and effect relations and lawfulness.  Everything can be determined. Empiricism: Is based on facts, observation, and experimentation.  An emperor obserserves from his throne. Experimentation: Manipulation…

Punishment Defined in the Field of Applied Behavior Analysis

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Enhancing Parent and Teacher Collaboration

As we start a new school year, building a positive relationship with your children’s teachers is an essential component for success. Research shows that when parents and teachers work together, students benefit greatly. Overall, students attend…